The failure of the bottom pump seal management is the core reason leading to leakage, vacuum breakdown, and unplanned shutdowns.
Main Causes:
1. Seal Component Failure: Wear of the rotating and stationary seal faces, aging of O-rings, and fatigue of springs. These are often caused by high temperatures, wear from coked particles, or chemical corrosion.
2. Process and Operational Shocks: Severe temperature fluctuations inducing thermal stress, or sudden changes in pressure/flow rate causing impact damage to the seal faces.
3. Auxiliary System Malfunction: Interruption of the seal flush or cooling system (if equipped), leading to excessive temperatures in the seal chamber or accumulation of impurities.
4. Improper Installation and Maintenance: Inadequate cleaning during installation, incorrect adjustment of spring compression, or uneven tightening of bolts.
Solutions:
1. Preventive Replacement: Establish a periodic preventive replacement schedule based on operating hours and conditions, rather than waiting for leaks to occur.
2. Stabilize Processes: Strictly control the rates of temperature increase and decrease, and avoid drastic adjustments in pressure and output.
3. Ensure Auxiliary Systems: Guarantee that flush/cooling lines are clear, the medium is clean, and pressure is stable.
4. Standardize Procedures: Use specialized tools and strictly adhere to standardized installation procedures to ensure every replacement is precise and reliable.